Rabies vaccination tag number search3/12/2024 ![]() ![]() Encounters between horses and rabid animals are rarely witnessed, and bite wounds, which may be punctures, are difficult to find. Rabies infection usually occurs by the bite of a rabid animal but can also be transmitted when fresh saliva from an infected animal contacts a wound or mucous membranes. The disease is a significant threat to horses in South and Central America but is not a major cause of death in North America due to successful vaccination efforts. ![]() The primary reservoir species responsible for maintaining rabies are raccoons, bats, skunks, and foxes. Wildlife have accounted for >90% of rabid animals in the United States since 1980. Rabies is relatively rare in horses, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting 13 cases of rabid horses and mules in the United States in 2018, but all cases are fatal. All mammals are susceptible to rabies and it has the highest case fatality ratio of any infectious disease. Rabies is a neurologic disease caused by a virus in the genus Lyssavirus. *Download a printable pdf of this health topic here. The rabies vaccine is recommended as an annual core vaccine for all equids.There is no treatment for rabies in horses.Clinical signs of rabies in horses vary, are easily confused with other diseases, and often progress rapidly.Rabies is rare in horses, but invariably fatal.Rabies is a fatal neurologic disease of mammals.
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